Controlling blood sugar is vital to feel healthy and avoid long-term complications caused by diabetes. Some people struggle to take control over their blood sugar with the help of diet and exercise alone. Other diabetes patient use insulin or other medications. In both cases, the key of the treatment is monitoring your blood sugar. A low calories healthy diet and physical exercise take first placed as a priority for diabetes treatment. Second, if the blood sugar level is not maintained by the diet and exercise then you must try some of the diabetes treatment using alternative medicine after the concern with your physician.

Medications including insulin used to treat diabetes. In type1 diabetes people are totally dependent on the insulin while in type2 diabetes people can take medication other than insulin to replace what their pancreas is not producing properly. Unfortunately, insulin can’t be taken orally because the digestive enzymes in stomach break it down. A number of drugs are available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes; among them most common are thiazolidinediones, sulfonylurea, meglitinides, and metformin. Mostly combination of these medicines is used to control the blood sugar. All medicines have the same motive but these have different mode of action from each other.

Thiazolidinediones are relatively new research as compare to the others, and have very low side effect of hypoglycemia, as other have (especially with sulfonylurea). The generic names for these medications are pioglitazone and troglitazone. It works by helping to make the body tissue more sensitive to insulin. Then the insulin move glucose from blood into cells for energy.
Dosage of Pioglitazone is usually once a day, with or without a meal. Rosiglitazone is taken either once or twice a day with the same conditions. All of the medications have certain side effects among them are weight gain, hypoglycemia, cardiovascular events etc. Recent studies have shown some deep side effects of pioglitazone and rosiglitazone.

Most common side effects of thiazolidinediones include weight gain and feet and ankles swelling. There is a tiny but heavy risk of developing congestive heart failure (CHF) related with the use of thiazolidinediones. Ankle and feet swelling is early sign of CHF. People treated with thiazolidinediones should care for swelling. If you take pioglitazone or rosiglitazone, it is essential to check your liver enzyme levels regularly. If you have any signs of liver disease like nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, lack of appetite, tiredness, yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, or dark-colored urine call to your doctor immediately.
You might develop anemia with the use of thiazolidinediones which will make you feel tired. Anemia causes your blood to conduct lesser amount of oxygen than required.pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, have share of 21 percent of oral anti diabetes medications prescribed in the U.S and 5 percent of those in Europe. Recent studies have suggested that, these medication have negative effects on bone, resulting in reduction of bone formation and quicker bone loss.

Christian Meier, M.D, of University Hospital Basel, Switzerland, and colleagues studied 1,020 patients with type2 diabetes who had diagonsed bone fractures at British general practitioners’ offices between 1994 to 2005. Each of those patients, which has control diabetes belongs to the same age and sex did not have fractures selected, for a total of 3,728 matched controls. After adjusting other risk factors, patients who were taking rosiglitazone and pioglitazone had almost double or triple the variance of hip and other non-spine fractures than those who were on the other medication than rosiglitazone and pioglitazone.The incidents of fracture were increased among patients who kept on using the drugs for approximately 12 to 18 months and the risk of bone fracture was on top for those with two or more years of therapy.

“This analysis provides further information of a possible link between long-term use of thiazolidinediones and fractures, especially of the hip and wrist, in patients with diabetes mellitus,” the authors conclude. “No such effect has seen with any other antidiabetic drugs in this study. These findings, are consistent with recently reported data, but related to few thiazolidinedione exposed patients and need confirmation by additional observational studies and by controlled clinical trials.”
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